Likotlolo tsa literene tse lebelo le holimo li cheselitsoe ka thepa ea aluminium. Litsela tse ling tsa literene tsa lebelo le phahameng li feta libakeng tse batang tse nang le mocheso o ka tlase ho likhato tse 30 ho isa ho tse 40 tsa Celsius. Lisebelisoa tse ling, lisebelisoa le lintho tse phelang likepeng tsa lipatlisiso tsa Antarctic li entsoe ka thepa ea aluminium 'me li hloka ho mamella mocheso o tlase ho 60 ho isa ho 70 degrees Celsius. Likepe tsa thepa tsa Machaena tse tsamaeang ho tloha Arctic ho ea Europe le tsona li sebelisa lisebelisoa tse entsoeng ka thepa ea aluminium, 'me tse ling tsa tsona li pepesehetse mocheso o tlase ho likhato tse 50 ho isa ho tse 60 tsa Celsius. Na li ka sebetsa ka tsela e tloaelehileng serameng se feteletseng hakaale? Ha ho bothata, lisebelisoa tsa aluminium le lisebelisoa tsa aluminium ha li tšabe serame se feteletseng kapa mocheso.

Aluminium le lisebelisoa tsa aluminium ke lisebelisoa tse ntle haholo tsa mocheso o tlase. Ha li bonts'e brittleness ea mocheso o tlase joalo ka tšepe e tloaelehileng kapa li-alloys tsa nickel, tse bonts'ang phokotso e kholo ea matla le ductility mochesong o tlase. Leha ho le joalo, li-alloys tsa aluminium le aluminium li fapane. Ha li bontše mokhoa leha e le ofe oa brittleness ea mocheso o tlase. Lintho tsohle tsa bona tsa mechine li eketseha haholo ha mocheso o fokotseha. Sena ha se itšetlehe ka sebopeho sa thepa, ebang ke motsoako oa aluminium kapa alloy e entsoeng ka aluminium, motsoako oa metallurgy oa phofo, kapa lisebelisoa tse kopantsoeng. E boetse e ikemetse ho boemo ba thepa, ebang ke boemong ba ho sebetsa kapa ka mor'a phekolo ea mocheso. Ha e amane le mokhoa oa ho lokisa ingot, ebang e hlahisoa ka ho lahla le ho bilika kapa ho tsoela pele ho betsa le ho bilika. Hape ha e amane le mokhoa oa ho ntša aluminium, ho akarelletsa le electrolysis, ho fokotsa mocheso oa carbon, le ho ntša lik'hemik'hale. Sena se sebetsa maemong ohle a bohloeki, ho tloha ho aluminium ea ts'ebetso e nang le 99.50% ho 99.79% bohloeki, aluminium e hloekileng e nang le 99.80% ho 99.949% bohloeki, aluminium e hloekileng ka 99.950% ho 99.9959% bohloeki, bohloeki bo feteletseng ba 69.9 ho 99.9990% bohloeki, le aluminium ea Ultra-high-purity e nang le bohloeki bo fetang 99.9990%. Ho khahlisang ke hore litšepe tse ling tse peli tse bobebe, magnesium le titanium, le tsona ha li bonts'e bofokoli ba mocheso o tlase.

Thepa ea mechine ea li-alloys tsa aluminium tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo bakeng sa likariki tsa terene tse lebelo le kamano ea tsona le mocheso li bontšoa tafoleng e ka tlaase.

Likoloi tsa terene tse lebelo le phahameng li sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa aluminium tse kang li-al-Mg series 5005 alloy plates, 5052 alloy plates, 5083 alloy plates, le profiles; Al-Mg-Si letoto la 6061 alloy plates le profiles, 6N01 alloy profiles, 6063 alloy profiles; Al-Zn-Mg letoto la 7N01 alloy plates le profiles, 7003 alloy profiles. Li tla ka maemo a tloaelehileng: O, H14, H18, H112, T4, T5, T6.

Ho tsoa ho data e tafoleng, ho totobetse hore thepa ea mechine ea li-alloys ea aluminium e eketseha ha mocheso o fokotseha. Ka hona, aluminium ke thepa e ntle ea mocheso o tlase e loketseng ho sebelisoa ka litanka tsa rocket tse nang le mocheso o tlase (liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen), likepe tsa ho tsamaisa khase ea tlhaho (LNG) le litanka tse lebopong la leoatle, lijana tsa lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tse nang le mocheso o tlase, polokelo e batang. , literaka tse nang le sehatsetsing, le tse ling.

Likarolo tsa sebopeho sa literene tse lebelo le holimo tse tsamaeang Lefatšeng, ho kenyeletsoa le likariki le likarolo tsa literene, kaofela li ka etsoa ho sebelisoa lialloi tse teng tsa aluminium. Ha ho na tlhoko ea ho etsa lipatlisiso ka motsoako o mocha oa aluminium bakeng sa meaho ea likariki e sebetsang libakeng tse batang. Leha ho le joalo, haeba alloy e ncha ea 6XXX e nang le ts'ebetso e ka bang 10% e phahameng ho feta 6061 alloy kapa alloy 7XXX e nang le ts'ebetso e akaretsang e ka bang 8% e phahameng ho feta 7N01 alloy e ka hlahisoa, eo e ka ba katleho e kholo.

Ka mor'a moo, a re tšohleng mekhoa ea ntlafatso ea li-alloys tsa aluminium tsa koloi.

Ka curHo sebelisoa le ho lokisa likariki tsa likoloi tsa terene, lipoleiti tsa alloy tse kang 5052, 5083, 5454, le 6061 li sebelisoa, hammoho le li-profiles tse fetisitsoeng tse kang 5083, 6061 le 7N01. Li-alloys tse ling tse ncha tse kang 5059, 5383, le 6082 le tsona lia sebelisoa. Kaofela li bonts'a ts'ebetso e ntle haholo, ka lithapo tsa ho chesella hangata e le li-alloys tse 5356 kapa 5556. Ehlile, friction stir welding (FSW) ke mokhoa o ratoang, kaha ha o netefatse boleng bo holimo feela ba tjheseletsa empa hape o felisa tlhoko ea lithapo tsa ho tjheseletsa. Alloy ea Japane ea 7N01, e nang le sebopeho sa Mn 0.200.7%, Mg 1.02.0%, le Zn 4.0 ~ 5.0% (kaofela ho %), e fumane ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng ha ho etsoa likoloi tsa terene. Jeremane e sebelisitse lipoleiti tsa alloy tse 5005 ho hlahisa mabota a mahlakoreng bakeng sa likariki tsa Trans Rapid tse lebelo le holimo 'me ea sebelisa 6061, 6063, le 6005 alloy extrusions bakeng sa profiles. Ka kakaretso, ho fihlela joale, China le linaha tse ling li khomaretse li-alloys tsena bakeng sa tlhahiso ea literene tse lebelo.

Lisebelisoa tsa Aluminium bakeng sa Makareche a 200km/h ~ 350km/h

Re ka arola li-alloys tsa aluminium tsa koloi ho latela lebelo la ts'ebetso ea literene. Li-alloys tsa moloko oa pele li sebelisetsoa likoloi tse lebelo le ka tlase ho 200km / h 'me ke li-alloys tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisoang haholo-holo bakeng sa ho etsa likariki tsa literene tsa litoropong, tse kang 6063, 6061 le 5083 alloys. Li-alloys tsa aluminium tsa moloko oa bobeli tse kang 6N01, 5005, 6005A, 7003, le 7005 li sebelisetsoa ho etsa likariki tsa literene tse lebelo le lebelo ho tloha ho 200km / h ho ea ho 350km / h. Li-alloys tsa moloko oa boraro li kenyelletsa 6082 le lisebelisoa tsa aluminium tse nang le scandium.

Lisebelisoa tsa Aluminium tse nang le Scandium

Scandium ke e 'ngoe ea lihloekisi tse sebetsang hantle tsa lijo-thollo bakeng sa aluminium 'me e nkoa e le ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa thepa ea alloy alloy. Litaba tsa scandium hangata li ka tlase ho 0.5% ka lialloys tsa aluminium, 'me li-alloys tse nang le scandium li bitsoa li-alloys tsa aluminium-scandium (Al-Sc alloys). Al-Sc alloys e fana ka melemo e kang matla a phahameng, ductility e ntle, ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho chesehela, le ho hanyetsa kutu. Li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng, tse kenyelletsang likepe, likoloi tsa sefofane, li-reactors le lisebelisoa tsa ts'ireletso, e leng se etsang hore e be moloko o mocha oa lisebelisoa tsa aluminium tse loketseng meaho ea likoloi tsa terene.

Foam ea aluminium

Literene tse lebelo le phahameng li khetholloa ka meroalo e bobebe ea li-axle, ho potlakisa khafetsa le ho fokotseha, le ts'ebetso e imetsoeng, e hlokang hore sebopeho sa koloi se be bobebe ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang ha se kopana le litlhoko tsa matla, ho tiea, polokeho le boiketlo. Ho hlakile hore matla a ikhethileng a aluminium ea ultra-light, modulus e khethehileng, le litšoaneleho tse phahameng tsa mongobo li tsamaisana le litlhoko tsena. Liphuputso tse tsoang linaheng tse ling le tlhahlobo ea tšebeliso ea foam ea aluminium litereneng tse lebelo le phahameng li bontšitse hore li-tubes tsa tšepe tse tletseng foam tsa aluminium li na le matla a ho monya matla a 35% ho ea ho 40% ho feta li-tubes tse se nang letho le keketseho ea 40% ho 50% ea matla a flexural. Sena se etsa hore litšiea le li-partitions li be matla haholoanyane 'me li se ke tsa oa. Ho sebelisa foam ea aluminium bakeng sa ho monya matla sebakeng se ka pele sa locomotive ho matlafatsa bokhoni ba ho monya. Liphanele tsa sandwich tse entsoeng ka foam e teteaneng ea 10mm le lishiti tse tšesaane tsa aluminium li bobebe ka 50% ho feta lipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa mantlha ha li ntse li eketsa ho satalla ka makhetlo a 8.