yesimbi, kudiwa kwekutetepa ndiro yesimbi.Nepo mashizha esimbi akajairika anowanzova pakati pe 0.7 ne 0.75mm gobvu, mazuva ano akasimba-pamusoro-soro anongori 0.65mm kana kuti nhete, uye boneti idzva reopel seferli rakakora 0.6mm.

Maererano naWang Li, “kana kukwevera kwesimbi chaiko kukasachinjwa, uremu hunogona kuderedzwa kuva hutete, asi density inogona kugadziriswa. Iye zvino tine pfungwa itsva yekuita, iyo yekugadzirisa kusimba kwesimbi.Kubatsira kwealuminium ndiyo yakaderera density, kukwikwidza kune imwe nhanho ndinogona kushandisa zvikomborero zvako kugadzirisa density yangu.Takasimudza elastic modulus yesimbi. , uye ikozvino iri mu laboratori.Imwe pfungwa yandinoda kuita ndeyokuti nokuti simbi pachayo inoramba isingachinji pamusana peiyo iripo indasitiri yeindasitiri, kuchine nzvimbo yakawanda yekuvandudza. Kubva pakuona uku, simbi ichine humwe hutano, pamwe chete nemugove wayo wemusika.Kana motokari ichitengesa kudarika 200,000 yuan, inoshandisa zvinhu zvakawanda. Kana mota ikatengeswa 100,000 yuan, icharamba ichishandisa simbi.

Asi dambudziko remutengo rinovawo zvimwe zvinhu zvekutsiva nzvimbo huru yesimbi yakaoma chikonzero.Shu-ming Chen akati, "pasi pemaitiro emagetsi ekureruka, kunyangwe iye zvino munhu wese ari kuita zvinhu zvakareruka, senge aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy nezvimwe. lightweight composite zvinhu, simba rakasimba resimbi kana munzvimbo huru yemuviri, asi ndinofunga kuti zvinhu zvikuru ndiyo mutengo, ndinotenda kuti kana mutengo we carbon fiber, carbon fiber ichatsiva zvingangoita, hazvigoneki, kiyi ikozvino inodhura. yakakwirira kwazvo, simbi panguva ino inewo mutengo wakakura kwazvo. "

Pamusoro pemutengo, mukati mesimba rekuzadzisa zvinodiwa, yakanaka uye nyore kuumba maitiro zvakare inova chikonzero nei simbi yakaoma kutsiviwa. ”Kubva pakuona kwekusimudzira, kusimba kwesimbi yemotokari ndiko kwete zvakanyanya. 1000 mpa inokwana.Simbi yesimba repamusoro ikozvino inonyanya kabhoni kusimbisa, vazhinji vakaita 2200 mpa, asi pamusoro pe2200 mpa, ichaburitsa mutation, kana 2200-2500 mpa kabhoni kusimbisa zvisingaite."Ndinotenda kuti simbi iyi ichava zvimwe zvinhu kutsiva kabhoni, simba richava rakakwirira uye rakakwirira, asi harina hazvo kushandiswa mumotokari, rinogona kushandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzine simba guru.Kune motokari, tine sarudzo yakawanda yesimbi pasi pe1000 mpa, yakaderera. mutengo uye maitiro akanaka ekugadzira, saka zvichave zvakaoma kutsiva simbi munyika yedu kwechinguva. "

Uye kubva pakuumbwa kwesimbi pachayo, ine kugadzirisa kwakanaka.Zhu qiang akataura kuti simbi pachayo ine phase transition ine zvimwe zvakanakira mune mamwe maapplication. inogona kugadziriswa nyore nyore, iyo inenge yakaoma kune composites kana aluminium.Semuyenzaniso, aluminium alloy composite material, kana gomba rakaputsika, kugadzirisa kwekutanga chikamu chose chekutsiviwa, mari yacho yakakwirirawo, uku ndiko kushaya simba kwe aluminium pachayo ichienzaniswa nesimbi.

Aluminium alloy

nguva yebudiriro yakasangana pamberi peWolf mushure metiger

Nhamba dzinoratidza kuti zvinotora 725 kilograms yesimbi uye simbi yakakandwa uye 350 kilograms yesimbi yakadhindwa kuita avhareji yepakati-saizi mota. Kusiyana neizvi, huremu hwealuminium mumotokari yekuEurope hwakawedzera kubva pa50kg muna 1990 kusvika 131.5kg muna 2005, iine yakawanda ichiri kushandiswa muinjini dzemukati uye cylinder blocks uye rising.Aluminium inofarirwawo mumotokari nokuti inenge isingasviki hafu yehuremu hwesimbi, iyo inoshandiswa kugadzira simbi, uye ine simba rekudzivirira zviri nani pane simbi.Parizvino, kushandiswa kwealuminium alloy kugadzira muviri wemuenzaniso kwave kwakawanda.Kubva pakuzvarwa kwayo muna 1994, audi A8 yakagamuchira iyo yose-aluminium space frame body structure, uye Model S yakagadzirwa uye yakagadzirwa neTesla. zvakare inotora iyo yese-aluminium body.Mushure meiyo-aruminiyamu yekugadzira mutsara we chery jaguar land rover muChangshu, dunhu reJiangsu rakaiswa mukugadzirwa,motokari yekutanga yemumba, itsva jaguar XFL aluminium alloy material application rate yakasvika 75%.The nobelis RC5754 high-simba aruminiyamu alloy inoshandiswa munhengo dzakawanda dzemuviri wejaguar XFL ine goho re105-145 Mpa, simba rinoita 220 Mpa. , uye kuita kwakanaka musimba, corrosion resistance, connectivity and molding rate."Iye zvino aruminiyamu yakawanda inoshandiswa kumotokari, kunyanya kune zvikamu zvechasi, kunze kwemuviri, ikozvino motokari dzakawanda dzinoramba dzichifamba mumugwagwa uyu. Pane mamwe matambudziko ne-aluminium frame yose, asi ari kugadziriswa. ."Zhang haitao, muongorori wepayunivhesiti yesoochow, akati, "sei uchifanira kushandisa mafuremu ealuminium ese? Mutengo wekutanga wakaderera, mutengo wemotokari diki ungave zviuru zvishoma zveyuan furemu, chinonyanya kukosha dhizaini yechikamu. yakaoma kwazvo, uye aruminiyamu kukotama uye kuomarara kwe torsional zviri nani pane simbi.

Pamusoro pezvo, aruminiyamu ine zviwanikwa zviri nani uye kutenderera kwehupenyu hurefu pane simbi. Zhu qiang akati, "kudzokororwa kwekurasikirwa kwealuminum kunongova 5 kusvika 10 muzana. Kana simbi yakaita ngura, zvakaoma zvikuru kupora. Aluminium alloys ane zvakanakira mukufamba kwenguva.Kana mavhiri ane aruminiyamu, ikozvino tine kubvumirana kuti aluminium alloy mavhiri anofanira kunge ari nani pane simbi, nekuti simbi iri nyore kubata ngura, aluminium alloy scraping haina basa, iyi simbi yekuita haina. nzira yekuenzanisa, kuita kwealuminium alloy composite mune izvi kune mukana wakasiyana." Pamusoro pezvo, kutenderera kwehupenyu hwakareba kwakakoshawo kuindasitiri yemotokari, uye chigadzirwa chese chinofanira kugadzirwa paine kutenderera kwehupenyu hurefu mupfungwa. Aluminium inewo mukana mune izvi. "

Zhu qiang akataura zvakare kuti kuumbwa kwealuminium alloy kwakaoma, maitiro ekudzokorodza kupatsanurwa idambudziko zvakare. vakaparadzana, zvinoda kushanda nesimba kuti vazvibatanidze, uye zvinoda kushanda nesimba kuti vazviparadzanise. Kune rumwe rutivi, kubudirira kwekugadzirisa hakuna kukwirira, uye kune rumwe rutivi, hazvisi nyore kutarisira.Kuwedzera, pane nyaya dzakawanda dzinobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwealuminium, zvakadai sekuderedzwa kushandiswa, yakanaka aluminium recycling inogona kushandiswa. kuita chimwe chinhu chisingakoshi, zvingave zvinhu zvakanaka zvinopedzisira zvave neukoshi hwakaderera. "

Panyaya yekuneta kwemidziyo, aluminium ine njodzi kupfuura simbi, uye kugadzirisa kune zvishoma. zvinhu.Aluminium oxidation capacity yakasimba kwazvo, zvirema izvi zvine simba rakati kurei pakuneta kwezvikamu, zviri nyore kuenda zvisizvo.Simbi haina oxidize zvakanyanya uye kukanganisa kwayo kunokonzeresa kushomeka kwekuita kuneta."Zhu qiang akati, "nekuumba chete hakugone kuve kwakaomarara, kuumba kunofanirwa kugadziriswa, zvikasadaro hakugone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemagadzirirwo emagadzirirwo. Kazhinji, kune marudzi maviri ekugadzira, kungave kuregedza optimization yemaitiro kana kudzokorora. Zvisinei, kana pamusoro pealuminium alloy yaparadzwa, kuneta kushanda kunoderera, uye mutengo uchakwira zvakare.Aya ndiwo matambudziko ayo aruminiyamu alloy anofanira kukunda, uye zvinokwanisika kutsiva simbi mushure mekugadzirisa matambudziko aya.

Muchasi yemotokari, aruminiyamu yakatsiva imwe simbi, asi mumakore achangopfuura nekuvandudzwa kwesimbi tekinoroji, chassis simbi yakaunza mhinduro nyowani. Zhu qiang akati, "ikozvino chasi nesimbi, takagadzira tekinoroji yakati wandei, imwe ruoko; isu zvino kusvika 780 mpa zvino tava kuita steel triangle arm, inorema isingasviki gumi kubva muzana kupfuura aluminium, mutengo wakaderera zvikuru.Panezve chinongedzo pakati pemavhiri maviri chinorema kwazvo, uye zvino takagadzira tekinoroji nyowani inoderedza. huremu nezvikamu makumi mana kubva muzana uye inogadzirisa dambudziko rekuora nekushandisa marashi, nesimbipachayo iri kunatsurudza.Iye zvino simbi nealuminium zviri kukwikwidzana kusimudzirana, saka kune dzimwe sarudzo dzemakambani emotokari, nekudaro budiriro. "

Kutaura zvazviri, aruminiyamu yemotokari yemazuva ano yakapinda munhandare pamberi peWolf mushure metiger.Iyo yekare vagadziri vesimbi kuburikidza nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza kwekuita, ikozvino simbi isina nickel inogona kuwana ngura, nepo yekupedzisira magnesium alloy, carbon fiber nezvimwe zvinhu zvine mari yakaderera. uye kuvandudza kushanda, vakaumba kukanganisa pamusoro aruminiyamu market.Zhu qiang akati, "aruminiyamu chiwanikwa kuita zvakanaka anogona chete kukurumidza kukura, nokuti simbi kwave kuita kwemakore akawanda kudaro kutsiva zvakaoma, aruminiyamu anofanira kuva maindasitiri sezvo. nokukurumidza sezvinobvira, haizotsiviwa nyore nyore gare gare, iyezvino motokari aruminiyamu matambudziko nemikana varipo pamwe.Simbi - aluminium hybrid body chimiro ndiyo maitiro

Parizvino, akawanda uye akawanda ekugadzira mota mainjiniya anobhadhara zvakanyanya kune yakasanganiswa kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvireruke. Tsvagiridzo yavo uye budiriro inotariswa kwete chete pane chaiyo reshiyo yemotokari simbi uye aruminiyamu, asiwo sei kusanganisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakarurama.Gore rapfuura paFrankfurt mota show debut at the new audi A8 yanga iri yeaudi's aluminium space furemu mhando yese. body structure tekinoroji innovation uye kusimudzira, yakasiiwa iyo audi yagara ichidada nearuminiyamu muviri wese, aluminium alloy yemateru kusvika 58%, kunze kwekuzivikanwa kwe, mumutumbi zvinhu zvakawedzerwa zvimwe zvinoumbwa, muviri unenge 51 kilogram. inorema kupfuura modhi yemari, nemari A8 modhi ye236 kg "contrarian uremu kusvika 282 kg.

Chizvarwa chitsva che audi A8 chinotora aruminiyamu alloy kuvaka iyo yakazara furemu yemuviri. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekusimba kwesimba, aluminium castings inoshandiswa mumajoini akakosha uye pepa simbi mativi anoshandiswa pamusoro pemuviri wepamusoro.Mukabhini keji chimiro chemuviri, huwandu hukuru hwekupisa hunogadzira super high simba alloy simbi, zvakanyanya kupfuura ikozvino. A8 yakakwirira simba simbi chete mukushandiswa kweB column, iyo yakakwira simba simbi zvinhu uye makore makumi maviri apfuura zvichienzaniswa nesimbi, kuomarara kwakawedzera ka5, uremu hwakaderedzwa ne40%.Magnesium alloy inowedzerwa kune chimiro chemuviri, uye CFRP kabhoni fiber. composite zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kumashure kwemota, izvo zvinoderedza huremu hwemuviri kubva kune zvakadai sepaneru yekumashure.

“Mune ramangwana, aruminiyamu ichashandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari yese, uye kuchange kuine miviri yakasanganiswa. Semuenzaniso, audi A8 aruminiyamu muviri unotangawo kugadzira miviri yakasanganiswa, uye iye zvino makambani mazhinji emotokari epamba arikutevera. yesimbi uye muviri wepasi wakagadzirwa nealuminium.Somuenzaniso, firiji yewindo reBeijing motokari yakagadzirwa nesimbi kumusoro uye aluminium pasi.Kwete iyo simbi yakaipa, asi ndinofunga kuti inonyanya kuvimbisa kusanganisa simbi nealuminium. ”Zhang haitao akadaro.

Panyaya iyi, wang li akataurawo kuti, kare kare kuma1940 apo pakanga paine makwikwi esimbi nealuminium, mushure memakore akawanda ebudiriro, iye zvino zvinhu zvemotokari zvasvika pakubvumirana, ndizvo zvinhu zvakakodzera zvakashandiswa munzvimbo yakarurama. .Uye simbi pachayo iri kukura nokukurumidza, nezvose zviri zviviri kukwikwidzana nekushandira pamwe.Uye makwikwi aya anonyanya kubatsira mukusimudzirwa kwemakambani emotokari, nokuti kuvapo kwemakwikwi emakambani emotokari kunogona kuva nesarudzo dzakawanda.Kutarisa mune ramangwana, motokari itsva dzemagetsi dzinogona kuva nepamusoro. zvinodiwa pakureruka.

Strategy ye "ma brand akazvimirira anofanirwa kuve akareruka, simbi yakanaka ine simba rayo haisati iri diki, kuburikidza neakabatana mabhureki ane chikamu chesimbi yakasimba uye zviri nyore kuwana 10% yekurasikirwa kwehuremu hwemuviri, kuburikidza ne kuedza kweimwe mota inodonha 7% 8% inogoneka, kuzivikanwayechikamu chemichina yepamberi inogona kuwana muviri pasina shanduko inopfuura 10%." Nemamwe matekinoroji matsva nehunyanzvi, kuderedza uremu kunodarika 20 muzana kunogona kuwanikwa. Takaongorora mhando dzakawanda dzemhando dzedu pachedu, uye zvinokwanisika achiri mukuru. Mugero ndiko kukurudzira kwedu