aluminum takardar nada gasa da karfe

Karfe ya kasance ko da yaushe babban abu a cikin mota masana'antu.Amma tare da al'umma don kare muhalli da makamashi-ceton murya ƙara high, da kasa amfani da man fetur manufofin o ƙarin tabbatar da tightening, masu amfani da kuma gabatar da mafi girma da bukatun ga abin hawa aminci, wanda ya tilasta automakers zuwa. Neman kayan gini mai ƙarfi da sauƙi na abin hawa. Ana sa ran yin amfani da ƙarfe mai ƙarfi zai kai kusan kashi 15 cikin ɗari na nauyin abin hawa nan da shekarar 2020, a cewar wani rahoto da cibiyar bincike kan kera motoci. A shekara ta 2040, rabon zai faɗu a hankali. kusan kashi 5 cikin ɗari, lokacin da sauran kayan masu nauyi za su sami matsayi a cikin kasuwancin kayan kera.

Tare da ƙasa da rabin nauyin nauyi kuma mafi kyawun juriya na lalata fiye da albarkatun ƙasa na ƙarfe, aluminum sau ɗaya ya haifar da barazana ga ƙarfe na mota.Duk da haka, saboda ƙarancin farashin aluminum da wahala a cikin masana'antu da matakan kulawa, yawancin masana'antun mota sun fi son maye gurbin talakawa karfe da high-ƙarfi carbon karfe. Saboda haka, ana buga wasan tsakanin karfe da aluminum. A taron motoci da muhalli da aka gudanar kwanan nan, masana masana'antu irin su Wang Li, babban jami'in bincike na cibiyar bincike na Baosteel, Zhu Qiang, shugaban farfesa na jami'ar kimiyya da fasaha ta kudancin kasar. Chen Shuming, farfesa na jami'ar Jilin, zhang haitao da sauransu sun tattauna game da "gasar karafa da aluminum" a cikin teburin zagaye.

Karfe yana da babban damar aikace-aikacen da fa'idar farashi

Tare da ci gaba da haɓakar ƙarfe na kera motoci, ƙarfe na kera ba ƴan shekarun da suka gabata ba mutane da yawa ra'ayi na low carbon karfe, yanzu mota karfe farantin ne thinning, amma karfe ƙarfi da lalata juriya da aka ƙwarai inganta.In domin saduwa da kalubale na sabon. kayan, da yawa karfe samar Enterprises rayayye inganta nauyi da kuma high-ƙarfi karfe da za su iya gasa tare da aluminum gami da sauran kayan. A cewar alkalumman, kawai 212 Tarayyar Turai na karin kudin da abin hawa ga high-ƙarfi karfe ake bukata don cimma nauyi asara da man fetur. tanadi na kusan 5%.

Menene halin da ake ciki a halin yanzu da kuma damar yin amfani da karfe mai karfin gaske a kasuwar hada-hadar motoci ta kasar Sin?Wang Li ya yi nazari kan haka, ya ce, karafa na kera motoci a halin yanzu a ci gaba da kokarin rage nauyi, "wanda ya yi amfani da fasaha da yawa, daya daga cikin gudummawar tana da ƙarfin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi. A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata ko makamancin haka, an yi aikin iisa wanda baosteel ke halarta. Idan masana'antar ƙarfe ta ci gaba da yin amfani da ƙarfe ta hanyar haɓaka sabbin kayan aiki, menene yuwuwar ƙarfe?Ta hanyar ci gaban shekaru da yawa, shawara ko fasaha na ƙarshe ga masana'antar kera motoci, ɗayan shine haɓaka nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙarfe mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi har yanzu. a kan hanya, na biyu shine haɓaka fasahar masana'antu da yawa, kuma a lokaci guda ya gabatar da manufar cikakken tsarin rayuwa. Misali, sabon ci gaba na motar ra'ayi na lantarki, rage nauyin jiki har zuwa 40%, shi tare da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi ya fi girma, fiye da 1000 mpa na 40%, kawai 5% shine ƙarfe mai laushi, karfe ta hanyar ƙarfin wannan ƙarfin har yanzu yana da girma.

"Daga bayanan tallace-tallace na baosteel, kamfanonin kasar Sin sun kai kashi 41% na yawan amfani da karafa mai karfi a cikin 2017, kuma an sayar da motoci fiye da miliyan 28 na Turai, Japan, Amurka da Koriya. Abubuwan da baosteel ke bayarwa suna da inganci masu inganci, kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin matakin mu na ƙasa zai kasance kaɗan kaɗan fiye da wannan matakin. Sakamakon aikace-aikacen ƙarfin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi ya kai matsakaicin 42-45% daga bayananmu a bara, wanda yakamata ya kasance mai inganci. low, kuma 60-70% kasashen waje. Wannan gibin shine karfinmu."

Gasar da ke tsakaninaluminum takardarda karfe, babban fa'idar aluminum shine ƙarancin ƙarancin yawa, kuma don cimma raguwar nauyin jiki, daidai da ƙimar.Na karfe, buƙatar bakin ciki farantin karfe. Duk da yake talakawa karfe zanen gado yawanci tsakanin 0.7 da 0.75mm kauri, a yau super-ƙarfi zanen gado ne kawai 0.65mm ko sirara, da kuma sabon opel seferli's bonnet ne 0.6mm kauri.

A cewar Wang Li, "idan ba a canza takamaiman nauyin karfe ba, za a iya rage nauyin kawai zuwa bakin ciki, amma za a iya daidaita yawan nauyin. Yanzu muna da sabon ra'ayin da za mu yi, wanda shine don daidaita girman girman karfe.Amfanin aluminum shine ƙananan ƙarancin, gasar zuwa wani matsayi na iya amfani da fa'idodin ku don daidaita girman ni.Mun ɗaga madaidaicin ƙarfe na ƙarfe. , kuma yanzu yana cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Abu daya da nake so in yi shi ne, saboda karfen kansa ya kasance baya canzawa a kan masana'antar masana'antu da ake da su, har yanzu akwai sauran damar yin kirkire-kirkire. Daga wannan hangen nesa, karfe har yanzu yana da wasu kuzari, da kuma kasonsa na kasuwa.Idan aka sayar da motar sama da yuan 200,000, za ta yi amfani da karin kayan aiki. Idan aka sayar da motar kan yuan 100,000, za ta yi amfani da karfe."

Amma matsalar farashi kuma ta zama wani abu don maye gurbin babban matsayi na karfe mai wuyar dalili. Shu-ming Chen ya ce, "a karkashin yanayin rashin nauyi na motoci, kodayake yanzu kowa yana yin kayan haske, irin su aluminum gami, magnesium gami da sauran su. ƙananan kayan haɗaɗɗen nauyi, ƙarfe mai ƙarfi ko a cikin babban matsayi, amma ina tsammanin manyan abubuwan shine farashi, Na yi imani cewa idan farashin fiber na carbon fiber, fiber fiber zai maye gurbin mai yiwuwa, ba zai yiwu ba, maɓallin yanzu farashin shine yayi girma sosai, karfe a halin yanzu shima yana da fa'idar tsada sosai."

Baya ga farashi, a cikin kewayon ƙarfin don biyan buƙatu, tsari mai kyau da sauƙi kuma ya zama dalilin da yasa ƙarfe yana da wahala a maye gurbinsa. ba mai girma sosai ba. 1000 mpa is enough.High ƙarfi karfe yanzu yafi carbon don ƙarfafa, da yawa sun yi 2200 mpa, amma sama da 2200 mpa, zai samar da maye gurbi, ko 2200-2500 mpa carbon don ƙarfafa m ba zai yiwu ba. "Na yi imani da wannan karfe zai shakka samun. sauran kayan da za su maye gurbin carbon, ƙarfin zai zama mafi girma kuma mafi girma, amma ba lallai ba ne a yi amfani da shi a cikin mota, ana iya amfani da shi a wasu wurare masu ƙarfi. Domin motoci, muna da zaɓi mai yawa na karfe a ƙarƙashin 1000 mpa, low farashi da tsari mai kyau sosai, don haka zai yi wahala a maye gurbin karfe a kasarmu na dan wani lokaci."

Kuma daga tsarin Properties na karfe kanta, yana da kyau gyara.Zhu Qiang ya nuna cewa karfe kanta tare da lokaci mika mulki yana da wasu abũbuwan amfãni a wasu aikace-aikace. ana iya gyara shi cikin sauƙi, wanda yake da ɗan wahala ga abubuwan haɗin gwiwa ko aluminum. Misali, kayan haɗin gwal na aluminum, idan rami ya karye, gyare-gyaren asali shine duka yanki na maye gurbin, farashin kuma yana da yawa, wannan shine rauni na aluminum kanta idan aka kwatanta da karfe.

Aluminum gamilokacin ci gaban da aka fuskanta kafin Wolf bayan damisa

Alkaluma sun nuna cewa ana daukar kilogiram 725 na karfe da jefar karfe da kuma kilogiram 350 na karfen da aka buga don yin matsakaicin matsakaicin mota.Sai dai, nauyin aluminum a cikin motar Turai ya karu daga 50kg a 1990 zuwa 131.5kg a 2005, tare da mafi har yanzu ana amfani da su a cikin injin da ke ciki da silinda blocks da kuma tashi. Aluminium kuma ya shahara a cikin motoci saboda bai kai rabin nauyin ƙarfe ba, kayan da ake amfani da su don yin ƙarfe, kuma yana da juriyar lalata fiye da ƙarfe.

A halin yanzu, yin amfani da aluminum gami don yin jikin samfurin ya kasance mai yawa.Tun lokacin da aka haife shi a 1994, audi A8 ya karbi tsarin tsarin jiki na sararin samaniya, kuma Model S ya ci gaba da ƙera ta tesla. Bayan duk-aluminum samar line na chery jaguar land rover a changshu, Jiangsu lardin da aka sanya a cikin samar,kanta yana inganta.Yanzu karfe da aluminum suna fafatawa don inganta juna, don haka akwai ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka don kamfanonin motoci, don haka ci gaba."

A gaskiya ma, aluminum na mota na yanzu ya shiga mataki a gaban Wolf bayan damisa. Tsohon masana'antun karfe ta hanyar ci gaba da inganta aikin, yanzu karfe ba tare da nickel ba zai iya cimma tsatsa, yayin da na karshe magnesium gami, carbon fiber da sauran kayan tare da ƙananan farashi da kuma inganta aikin, sun haifar da tasiri a kasuwar aluminum. Zhu Qiang ya nuna cewa, "Aluminum alloy don yin kyau zai iya zama ci gaba da sauri, saboda karfe yana yin shekaru da yawa don maye gurbin shi yana da wuyar gaske, aluminum dole ne ya zama masana'antu kamar yadda ya kamata. da wuri-wuri, ba za a iya maye gurbinsu da sauƙi daga baya ba, ƙalubalen aluminum na motoci na yanzu da dama suna kasancewa tare.

Karfe - aluminum matasan tsarin jiki ne Trend

A halin yanzu, injiniyoyi masu kera motoci da yawa suna ba da kulawa sosai ga aikace-aikacen matasan kayan nauyi. Su bincike da ci gaban mayar da hankali ne ba kawai a kan takamaiman rabo na mota karfe da aluminum, amma kuma a kan yadda za a Mix daban-daban kayan correctly.Last bara a Frankfurt mota show halarta a karon a sabon Audi A8 ya na Audi ta aluminum sarari frame irin duk. fasaha tsarin fasaha bidi'a da haɓakawa, watsar da Audi ya kasance mai girman kai ga dukan jikin aluminum, aluminum gami na gangara zuwa 58%, ban da ainihin, a cikin kayan da aka kara da ƙarin kayan haɗin kai, jiki yana kusan 51 kilogram. nauyi fiye da tsabar kuɗi model, ta tsabar kudi A8 model na 236 kg "contrarian nauyi zuwa 282 kg.

Sabuwar ƙarni na audi A8 rungumi dabi'ar aluminum gami don gina gaba ɗaya firam na jiki. Don tabbatar da tsarin ƙarfi, aluminum simintin gyaran kafa ana amfani da key gidajen abinci da sheet karfe sassa ana amfani a kan jiki surface.A cikin gida keji tsarin na jiki, babban adadin zafi forming super high ƙarfi gami karfe, da nisa fiye da halin yanzu. A8 high ƙarfi karfe kawai a aikace-aikace na B shafi, da babban ƙarfin karfe abu da kuma 20 shekaru da suka wuce idan aka kwatanta da karfe, stiffness ya karu 5 sau, nauyi rage da 40% Magnesium gami da aka kara zuwa jiki tsarin, da kuma CFRP carbon fiber. Ana amfani da kayan haɗin gwiwa a bayan motar, wanda ya rage nauyin jiki daga irin wannan cikakkun bayanai kamar na baya.

“A nan gaba, za a ƙara yin amfani da aluminum a jikin motar gaba ɗaya, kuma za a sami gawarwakin da yawa. Misali, Audi A8 jikin aluminum shima ya fara yin gawarwakin matasan, kuma yanzu yawancin kamfanonin mota na cikin gida suna biye da su.Babban matsala tare da haɗin ƙarfe da aluminum shine juriya na lalata, tare da gluing, tare da tether, ba tare da walda ba. na karfe da ƙananan jiki an yi shi da aluminum. Misali, taga motar motar Beijing an yi shi da karfe a sama da aluminum a kasa. Ba cewa karfe ba shi da kyau, amma ina tsammanin ya fi dacewa da hada karfe da aluminum. "Zhang haitao ya ce.

Dangane da haka, Wang Li ya kuma yi nuni da cewa, tun a shekarun 1940, lokacin da ake gudanar da gasar karafa da ta aluminum, bayan shekaru masu yawa na raya kasa, yanzu kayayyakin da ke kera motoci sun cimma matsaya, su ne kayayyakin da suka dace da ake amfani da su a wurin da ya dace. Kuma karfen kansa yana haɓaka cikin sauri, tare da gasa da haɗin gwiwa. Kuma wannan gasa ta fi fa'ida ga bunƙasa masana'antar kera motoci, domin kasancewar gasa masana'antun kera motoci na iya samun ƙarin zaɓi. bukatun don nauyi.

Dabarun "masu zaman kansu dole ne su kasance masu nauyi, kyakkyawan karfe tare da yuwuwar sa har yanzu ba karami ba ne, ta hanyar hada-hadar kasuwancin hadin gwiwa tare da ma'aunin karfin karfe kuma yana da matukar sauki a cimma kashi 10% na asarar nauyi na farin jiki, ta hanyar kokarin sauran abin hawa raguwa 7% 8% abu ne mai yuwuwa, ainihina yawan adadin fasahar ci gaba na iya cimma jiki ba tare da canji fiye da 10% ba. har yanzu yana da kyau. Tazarar ita ce ƙwarin gwiwarmu